Victoe bitter von ofenheim and budolf eitteb von haidingeb



(No Model.)

V. R.-VON OPENHEIM 8: EUR. VON HAIDINGLHM Process of and Apparatus for Bleaching and Purifying Liquid Bituminous Matters. v No. 242,171. Patented ay 31, i88fl.

EZ 04 4M a UNiTED STATES PATENT OFFICE;

vlo'roa BITTER vou OFBNHEIM AND RUDOLF BITTER vou HAIDINGER,

or VIENNA, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY. V

PROCESS OF AND APPARATUSFOR BLEACHING AND PURIFYING LIQUID BITUMINOUSMATTERS.

srncrmcnrron forming art of Letters Patent No. 242,171, dated May 31, 1881.

Application filed J one 25, 1880. (No model.) Patented in England August 22, 1879, in Italy September 30, 1879, in France lfiovemher 8, 1879, and in Germany April 14, 1880.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, Vroroa BITTER VON OFENHEIM and BUnoLF BITTER VON Han)- INGER, both of Vienna, Austria-Hungary, have invented Improvements in'an Apparatus for Bleaching and Purifying Ozocerite,Paramne, Petroleum, Stearine, Glycerine, and other like Bituminous Fats or Matters, of which the following is a specification. V

Our invention chiefly consists of an im proved process of bleaching and purifying the abovenamed matters or fats, whether solid or liquid, by-employing hydrates of alumina, hydrates of oxides of iron and manganese, hydrates of magnesia, and all kinds of silicates of alumina and magnesia or other analogous absorbent earths m a state of fine comminution or porosity and in an apparatus appropriate thereto and invented by us for the purpose; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which, by the aid of the accompanying drawings, will enable others-skilled in-the art to which it'appertains to make and use the same. The said process is founded on the discoloring efi'ect of hydrates and silicates of alumina and magnesia and of hydrates of oxides of iron and manga- V nese, through which, while beinginclosed in a filtering apparatus, the bituminous matter or fat to be bleached or and this may be effected either by propulsion or exhaustion. Bituminous matters or fats, which at ordinary temperatures are in a concrete state, such as ozocerite, parafline, &c., must beforehand bemolten or dissolved in bensulphuret of carbon, or any other of the well-known solvents, preparatory to submitting them to our bleaching process. Such paraftines, which are found in a natural state in ozocerite or paraflines ob-.

tained in an artificial way by distillation or pa'raffines contained in parafine-oils, are attirst I submitted to distillation, which, at a temperature of about 200 Celsius, is continuedas long as distillation can be observed. To hasten the operation artificial as well as natural parafii nos may beforehand be'submittedto a pressure, b y

means of hydraulic presses. For the same reason steam of about 200 Celsius may be caused purified is caused to pass,

gear-wheels j j, may be set in rotation.

to pass over the heated mass to hasten the distillation of the heavy oils.

The accompanying drawing represents our apparatus in longitudinal elevation, partly in sectiont It consists of one, two, or more suitable vessels, A A,, constructed of iron or other substantial material, and provided at the top and bottom with lids a a b b. i The lower part of each vessel contains a filter, 0, made of perforated plates of any suitable material, these perforations or holes being covered by felt or other appropriate material, which may be protected by wire-gauze. Each vessel further contains a coiled pipe, (I, and another coiled pipe, 0, into both of which pipes hot steam or hot air may be allowed to enter. For use these vessels are filled through the top at m up to the upper end of the coiled pipe d with one of the above-named bleaching materials,or with a mixture of them, in a state of fine comminution or porosity. The liquid bituminous matter or fatis then fed through the aperture f or m, and the vessels are closed bythe lids a a. Hot steam is then caused to enter the coiled pipe c e, the steam being of such a temperature as is necessary to make the fat or bituminous matter boil. The vapors generated by the boiling exert a pressure upon the liquid, so that this latter will be forced through the. bleaching material and through the filter, and it is then collected into suitable vessels or barrels.

Bituminous matter or fat, which at ordinary temperature is notliquid, and which therefore should, as a preparatory step, be brought into a liquid state, may be first put lnto the (11S- solving apparatus B, which consists of a vessel of suitabie form and material, preferably a cylindrical iron vessel, provided with a coiled.

pipe, h, and aperforated stirring-plate, H, fixed on a vertical spindle, i, which, by means of the The vessel B has at its top two. pipes, 70k, or apertures, through which the concrete bituminous matter or fat to be dissolved and also the solvent may besupplied. After the vessel is filled steam or hot air is allowed to enter into the coiled pipeh, and the stirring-plate H is rotaled so as to mix the raw material and the solvent well together. After this has been done the whole contents of vessel B may be collected into any suitable vessel, or they may be forced through a pipe, 0, directly into the filtering-vessels AA, and this may be effected either by propulsion or exhaustion, and they are there filtered in the same manner as hereinabove described and then submitted to dis-- tillationin an alembic to separate'the solvent washed off from the filter.

Very volatile bituminous matter or fat may be renovated or revivified' in the filtering-vessel by steam of suitable temperature allowed to pass through coiled pipe (1. Less volatile bituminous matter or fat, however, should, after being dried by the drying-pipe d, be removed through the aperturen and subjected to a strong heat in a suitable renovating apparatus, while fresh filtering or bleaching matop or opening m.

If small quantities are to be bleached the filtering apparatus may be so arranged that the whole filterthat is, the lower part of the vessel A-may be removed and submitted to the action of heat untilthe bleaching material is renovated.

E is a pressure-gage. o 0 o are cocks. F F are water-gages.

When the fats are in a solid or concrete state they may, as hereinbefore stated, be first rcclaim for this specific apparatus for a future application.

' We claim 1. The described process of bleaching andpurifying liquid bituminous matter or fats by forcing the same, when highly heate 1, within a closed vessel through oneor more of the uncrystallized hydrates of alumina, magnesia, manganese, or iron, or silicates of alumina, magnesia, or other analogous absorbent earths in a state of fine com minution or porosity, substantially in the manner. set forth.

2. In an apparatus for bleaching and purifying bituminous matters or fats, the combination, with and within the sameclosed vessel A, of the steam-pipes d and c, placed one above the other, and of thefilteringdevice, substantially as and for the purposes described.

VICTOR BITTER v. OFENHEIMJ armour RITTER v. unnmers.

Witnesses:

HENRY PALM, VERNER S. TINGLEY, ELIGIUS MICHALECKI, Vroroa KARMIG. 

